Fura-2, pentapotassium salt

Specifications

Purity

≥90% (HPLC)

Identity

1H-NMR

Appearance

Off-white to light yellow solid

Properties

Fluorescence

λex 355 nm, la.em 495 nm in 0.1 M Tris pH 8.0, Ca2+

Solvents

water, DMSO

Short Term Storage

-20°C

Use / Stability

Stable for at least 2 years after receipt when stored at -20°C.

Handling Advice

Very light-sensitive. Protect from light and moisture.

Long Term Storage

-20°C

Shipping

BLUE ICE

Transportation

Not dangerous goods

Description

Fura-2 pentapotassium salt is a widely used UV-excitable fluorescent calcium indicator. It is a fluorophore chelating probe for Ca2+ used widely in biological systems to analyze intracellular calcium levels. It can be used to detect calcium in cells. A diagnostic shift in the excitation spectrum from 363nm to 335nm indicates FURA-2 chelation to Ca2+. Upon calcium binding, the fluorescent excitation maximum of the indicator undergoes a blue shift from 363 nm (Ca2+-free) to 335 nm (Ca2+-saturated), while the fluorescence emission maximum is relatively unchanged at ~510 nm. Analysis of Ca2+ flux in and out of cells with Fura-2 introduces a powerful spectrographic handle to investigate and elucidate correlated biological events such as neuronal ion channel activation. A major use of Fura-2 is in drug discovery, for measuring intracellular calcium mobilization after activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and calcium channels. It can also be used as a zinc indicator or measuring membrane potential. Fura-2 fluorescence can be detected using flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, or certain fluoresence microplate readers. Fura-2 potassium salt is a cell-impermeable fluorescent probe for detection Ca2+ in a ratiometric mode. However, it may be loaded into cells via microinjection or scrape loading. Spectral data: λex 363nm, λem 512nm in water.

InChi

InChI=1S/C29H27N3O14.5K/c1-15-2-3-17(31(11-24(33)34)12-25(35)36)20(6-15)43-4-5-44-21-7-16-8-22(28-30-10-23(46-28)29(41)42)45-19(16)9-18(21)32(13-26(37)38)14-27(39)40,,,,,/h2-3,6-10H,4-5,11-14H2,1H3,(H,33,34)(H,35,36)(H,37,38)(H,39,40)(H,41,42),,,,,/q,5*+1/p-5

References

(1) G. Grynkiewicz, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 260, 3440 (1985) , (2) D. Brethes, et al., PNAS 84, 1439 (1987) , (3) W.F. Goldman, et al., Cell Calcium. 11, 221 (1990) , (4) M.W. Roe, et al., Cell Calcium. 11, 63 (1990) , (5) S.K. Kong & C.Y. Lee, Biochem. Mol. Biol. Ed. 23, 97 (1995) , (6) C. Cheng & I.J. Reynolds, J. Neurochem. 71, 2401 (1998) , (7) B.M. Palmer & R.L. Moore, Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 2000, C1278 (2000) , (8) J.L. Martin, et al., Cell Calcium 40, 393 (2006)

InChi Key

HQKWBBCTCLUGSX-UHFFFAOYSA-I

Smiles

[O-]C(C1=CN=C(O1)C2=CC3=C(O2)C=C(N(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O)C(OCCOC4=C(N(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O)C=CC(C)=C4)=C3)=O.[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+]